Of course it was still broken today - well, the display portion was at least.
While continuing to work on this, since I could see the Manage box, I decided to try to tab to it, and it worked. I pressed enter with it highlighted and I was able to manage it.
Now my goal was to set it as default, the set as default button was missing. After some searching around, I realized that the "Let Windows manage my default printer" box had become rechecked. After unchecking it, and once again using the tab trick to get into manage the MS Print to PDF feature, I was able to set it as the default printer.
So I've found a work-a-round, but the display issue is still there so I don't consider the issue resolved.